Upper airway obstruction and craniofacial morphology.
نویسنده
چکیده
Otolaryngologists are being asked with increasing frequency to assess adequacy of the upper airway and to treat upper airway obstructive problems in orthodontic patients. The incentive has been provided by recent studies that purport to relate upper airway obstruction to dental and craniomorphologic changes. It is hypothesized that prolonged oral respiration during critical growth periods in children initiates a sequence of events that commonly results in dental and skeletal changes. In the chronic mouth-breather excessive molar tooth eruption is almost a constant feature, causing a clockwise rotation of the growing mandible, with a disproportional increase in anterior lower vertical face height. Such increases in anterior lower vertical face height are often associated with retrognathia and open bites. Low tongue posture seen with oral respiration impedes the lateral expansion and anterior development of the maxilla. Otolaryngologists have the ability to objectively and accurately assess upper airway patency. Rhinometric assessment before and after application of topical nasal decongestant, in conjunction with clinical examination, provides valuable information regarding upper airway patency and the cause of any existing obstructive pathologic condition. Studies should be designed carefully to control the numerous variables that have an impact on the growing face of a young child so that meaningful data can be obtained in our own field regarding this challenging topic.
منابع مشابه
Airway adequacy, head posture, and craniofacial morphology.
Previous studies of different samples have demonstrated associations between craniocervical angulation and craniofacial morphology, between airway obstruction by adenoids and craniofacial morphology, and between airway obstruction and craniocervical angulation. A hypothesis to account for the different sets of associations was suggested by Solow and Kreiborg in 1977. In the present study, the t...
متن کاملManaging obstructive sleep apnoea in children: the role of craniofacial morphology
Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome is a type of sleep-disordered breathing that affects 1 to 5% of all children. Pharyngeal and palatine tonsil hypertrophy is the main predisposing factor. Various abnormalities are predisposing factors for obstructive sleep apnoea, such as decreased mandibular and maxillary lengths, skeletal retrusion, increased lower facial height and, consequently, increased t...
متن کاملNon-surgical treatment of upper airway obstruction in oculoauriculovertebral dysplasia: a case report.
A non-surgical technique for the treatment of upper airway obstruction in oculoauriculovertebral dysplasia using an intra-oral orthopaedic appliance is described, which resulted in respiratory and feeding problems being solved without side-effects. This non-invasive management might also be of major benefit in the treatment of airway obstruction associated with Pierre Robin sequence, mandibular...
متن کاملCraniofacial and upper airway morphology in pediatric sleep-disordered breathing: Systematic review and meta-analysis.
INTRODUCTION Pediatric sleep-disordered breathing is a continuum, with primary snoring at one end, and complete upper airway obstruction, hypoxemia, and obstructive hypoventilation at the other. The latter gives rise to obstructive sleep apnea. An important predisposing factor in the development and progression of pediatric sleep-disordered breathing might be craniofacial disharmony. The purpos...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید
ثبت ناماگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید
ورودعنوان ژورنال:
- Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery
دوره 104 6 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 1991